Diurnal Profile

## Reading layer `wrf-grids-origin' from data source 
##   `/Users/yujiex/Dropbox/workLBNL/EESA/code/im3-wrf/high res grid for reporting/wrf-grids-origin.geojson' 
##   using driver `GeoJSON'
## Simple feature collection with 130176 features and 4 fields
## Geometry type: POLYGON
## Dimension:     XY
## Bounding box:  xmin: -119.0324 ymin: 33.09492 xmax: -116.8525 ymax: 34.76695
## CRS:           4326

The following are the definition of heat emission components.

variable EnergyPlus output
emission.exfiltration Environment:Site Total Zone Exfiltration Heat Loss [W/m2](Hourly)
emission.exhaust Environment:Site Total Zone Exhaust Air Heat Loss [W/m2](Hourly)
emission.ref SimHVAC:Air System Relief Air Total Heat Loss Energy [W/m2](Hourly)
emission.rej SimHVAC:HVAC System Total Heat Rejection Energy [W/m2](Hourly)
emission.surf Environment:Site Total Surface Heat Emission to Air [W/m2](Hourly)

The following shows the daily heat emission in the original scale. We can see a lot of large outliers. This indicates a large variability across different grid cells (500m x 500m).

## Warning: Missing column names filled in: 'X1' [1]

The ones with larger than 100W/m2 hourly solar radiation during day time (9am to 4pm) concentrated on grid cells with heavy, light manufacturing facilities and warehouses.

building.type vintage building.area.m2
heavy manufacturing 1981-2008 (2004) 398985.062
light manufacturing 1981-2008 (2004) 101967.597
heavy manufacturing after 2008 (2013) 50627.434
warehouse 1981-2008 (2004) 28296.690
heavy manufacturing before 1980 14487.476
warehouse after 2008 (2013) 8155.134
light manufacturing before 1980 4692.100

The ones with night time heat emission greater than 50W/m2 are also mainly from heavy and light manufacturing (the top 6 in total area among the grid cells with large night time heat emission).

building.type vintage building.area.m2
heavy manufacturing 1981-2008 (2004) 672533.1067
light manufacturing 1981-2008 (2004) 143716.7645
warehouse 1981-2008 (2004) 86848.0295
warehouse before 1980 71676.1589
heavy manufacturing after 2008 (2013) 50627.4343
light manufacturing before 1980 33405.1678
multi-family before 1980 24634.4788
heavy manufacturing before 1980 18951.7858
warehouse after 2008 (2013) 8155.1336
small single-family before 1980 6630.8304
primary school 1981-2008 (2004) 5689.4747
multi-family 1981-2008 (2004) 3378.4943
small hotel 1981-2008 (2004) 2454.6038
large single-family before 1980 2073.8996
religious before 1980 408.2026
multi-family after 2008 (2013) 302.5753
large single-family 1981-2008 (2004) 154.6785
small single-family 1981-2008 (2004) 71.6259

The building with highest annual heat emission per building area are heavy manufacturing and full service restaurant. They also have high energy use intensity.

The ratio is computed for each idf-epw combination. The plot shows the average across all different weather inputs. Single-family, multi-family, warehouse, and small office have the largest heat-to-energy ratio. Even if the manufacturing facility is adapted from warehouse model, they don’t have the same high heat-to-energy ratio as warehouse.

The ratio has pretty large variability for single family and warehouses. Although some of the low variability might be hidden from the fact that some building types don’t exist in some grid cells.